Civil
Engineering - Optional
Preliminary
Part-A
1. Engineering Mechanics :
Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of
Force, Concept of particle and rigid body. Concurrent, nonconcurrent and
parallel forces in a plane, moment of force and Varignons theorem, free body
diagram, conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force
system.
First and Second Moments of area, Mass moment of Inertia.
Static Friction Inclined plane and bearings.
Kinematics and Kinetics :
Kinematics in cartesian and polar co-ordinates, motion under uniform and
nonuniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle : Momentum
and Energy principles, D `Alemberts Principle, Collision of elastic bodies,
rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion.
2. Strength of Materials :
Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded compression
members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress
distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength, Leaf spring,
Strain Energy in direct stress, bending and shear.
Deflection of beams :
Macaulays method, Mohrs moment area method, Conjugate beam method, unit load
method. Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power, closecoiled helical springs,
Elastic stability of columns : Eulers, Rankines and Secant formulae. Principal
Stresses and Strains in two dimensions, Mohrs Circle. Theories of Elastic
Failure, Thin and Thick cylinders : Stresses due to internal and external
pressures-Lames equation.
3. Structural Analysis :
Analysis of pin jointed plane trusses, deflection in trusses. Three hinged and
two hinged arches, rib shortening, temperature effects, influence lines in
arches. Analysis of propped cantilevers, fixed beams, continuous beams and
rigid frames. Slope deflection, moment distribution,, Kanis method and Matrix
method : Force and Displacement methods. Rolling loads and influece lines for
determinate beams and pin jointed trusses.
Part-B
Geotechnical Engineering:
Types of soil, field identification and classification, phase relationships,
consistency limits, particle size distribution, classification of soil,
structure and clay mineralogy.
Capillary water and structural water, effective stress and pore water pressure,
Darcys Law, factors affecting permeability, determination of permeability,
permeability of stratified soil deposits.
Seepage pressure, quick sand condition, compressibility and consolidation,
Terzaghis theory of one dimensional consolidation, consolidation test.
Compaction of soil, optimum moisture content, Proctor Density.
Subsurface exploration, methods of boring, sampling, types of sampler, field
tests.
Shear strength of soils, Mohr-Coulomb failure theory, shear tests Earth
pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, Rankines theory, Coulombs wedge
theory, earth pressure on retaining wall.
Bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other important theories, net and gross bearing
pressure, Immediate and consolidation settlement.
Load carrying capacity of pile groups.
Stability of slope-Conventional method of slices, stability numbers.
Transporation Engineering :
Highway alignment, choice of layout and capacity of highways, location survey,
geometric design of highways-various elements, curves, grade separation and
segregation of traffic, intersection design, highway materials and testing
subgrade and pavement components, types of pavements, road drainage, elements
of airport engineering.
Railway engineering-elements of permanent track-rails, sleepers, ballast and
rail fastenings, tractive resistance, elements of geometric design-gradients
and grade compensation on curves, cant transition curves and vertical curves,
stresses in railway tracks, points and crossings, signalling and interlocking,
maintenance of railway track. Culverts and small bridges.
Part-C
Fluid Mechanics:
fluid properties, fluid statics, forces on plane and curved surfaces,
stability of floating and submerged bodies.
Kinematics:
Velocity, streamlines, continuity equation, accelerations irrotational
and rotational flow, velocity potential and stream functions, flownet,
separation.
Dynamics:
Eulers equation along streamline, control volume equation, continuity,
momentum, energy and moment of momentum equation from control volume equation,
applications to pipe flow, moving vanes, moment of momentum, Dimensional
analysis.
Boundary layer on a flat plate, drag and lift on bodies. Laminar and Turbulent
Flows. Laminar and turbulent flow through pipes, friction factor variation,
pipe networks, water hammer, and surge tanks.
Open Channel Flow:
Energy and momentum correction factors, uniform and non-uniform flows,
specific energy and specific force, critical depth, Friction factors and
roughness coefficients, flow in transitions, free overfall, weirs, hydraulic
jump, surges, gradually varied flow equations, surface profiles, moving
hydraulic jump.
Part-D
Environmental Engineering
Water Supply:
Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand
for water, impurities of water and their significance, physical, chemical and
bacteriological analysis, water borne diseases, standards for potable water.
Intake of water:
pumping and gravity schemes, water treatment: principles of coagulation,
flocculation and sedimentation; slow-, rapid-, pressure-, filters;
chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity.
Water storage and distribution: storage and balancing reservoir types, location
and capacity. Distribution systems: layout, hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe
fittings, valves including check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis
of distribution systems, leak detection, maintenance of distribution systems,
pumping stations and their operations.
Sewerage systems:
Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage-separate and combined
systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes,
inlets, juctions, siphon. Plumbing in Public buildings.
Sewage characterisation:
BOD, COD, solids, dissloved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of
disposal in normal water course and on land.
Sewage treatment:
Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, trickling
filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge,
recycling of waste water.
Construction Management :
Elements and principles of Activity on Arrow (AOA) and Activity on Node
(AON) networks and work breakdown structure. Interfaces. Ladder networks.
Activity time. Time computations and floats. ATC and PTC trade-off. Work study
and sampling. Scheduling principles-material schedules. ABC and EOQ analysis of
inventory. Budgeting with barcharts. Working capital. PERT, probability of
completion.
Elements of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal, present worth, annual
cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and size. Choosing
between alternatives including levels of investments. Project profitability.
Mains
Paper-I
Part-A
Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis.
Engineering Mechanics :
Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of Force, Concept of
particle and rigid body. Concurrent, Non Concurrent and parallel forces in a
plane, moment of force and Varignon’s theorem, free body diagram, conditions of
equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.
First and Second Moment of area, Mass moment of Inertia.
Static Friction, Inclined Plane and bearings.
Kinematics and Kinetics :
Kinematics in Cartesian and Polar Co-ordinates, motion under uniform
and nonuniform acceleration, motion under gravity. Kinetics of particle :
Momentum and Energy principles, D’ Alembert’s Principle, Collision of elastic
bodies, rotation of rigid bodies, simple harmonic motion, Flywheel.
Strength of Materials :
Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded compression
members, Shear force and bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress
distribution across cross sections, Beams of uniform strength, Leaf spring.
Strain Energy in direct stress, bending & shear.
Deflection of beams : Mecaulay’s method, Mohr’s Moment area method, Conjugate
beam method, unit load method. Torsion of Shafts, Transmission of power, close
coiled helical springs, Elastic stability of columns, Euler’s Rankine’s and
Secant formulae. Principal Stresses and Strains in two dimensions, Mohr’s
Circle, Theories of Elastic Failure, Thin and Thick cylinder : Stresses due to
internal and external pressure–Lame’s equations.
Structural Analysis :
Castiglianio’s theorems I and II, unit load method of consistent
deformation applied to beams and pin jointed trusses. Slope-deflection, moment
distribution, Kani’s method of analysis and column Analogy method applied to
indeterminate beams and rigid frames.
Rolling loads and Influences lines : Influences lines for Shear Force and
Bending moment at a section of beam. Criteria for maximum shear force and
bending Moment in beams traversed by a system of moving loads. Influences lines
for simply supported plane pin jointed trusses.
Arches : Three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches, rib shortening and
temperature effects, influence lines in arches.
Matrix methods of analysis : Force method and displacement method of analysis
of indeterminate beams and rigid frames.
Plastic Analysis of beams and frames : Theory of plastic bending, plastic
analysis, statical method, Mechanism method.
Unsymmetrical bending : Moment of inertia, product of inertia, position of
Neutral Axis and Principle axes, calculation of bending stresses.
Part–B
Design of Structures : Steel, Concrete and Masonry Structures.
Structural Steel Design :
Structural Steel :
Factors of safety and load factors. Rivetted, bolted and welded joints
and connections. Design of tension and compression member, beams of built up
section, rivetted and welded plate girders, gantry girders, stancheons with
battens and lacings, slab and gussetted column bases.
Design of highway and railway bridges : Through and deck type plate girder, Warren girder, Pratt
truss.
Design of Concrete and Masonry Structures :
Concept of mix design. Reinforced Concrete : Working Stress and Limit State
method of design–Recommendations of I.S. codes Design of one way and two way
slabs, stair-case slabs, simple and continuous beams of rectangular, T and L
sections. Compression members under direct load with or without eccentricity,
Isolated and combined footings.
Cantilever and Counterfort type retaining walls.
Water tanks : Design requirements for Rectangular and circular tanks resting on
ground.
Prestressed concrete : Methods and systems of prestressing, anchorages,
Analysis and design of sections for flexure based on working stress, loss of
prestress.
Design of brick masonry as per I.S. Codes
Design of masonry retaining walls.
Part-C
Fluid Mechanics, Open Channel Flow and Hydraulic Machines
Fluid Mechanics :
Fluid properties and their role in fluid motion, fluid statics including
forces acting on plane and curve surfaces.
Kinematics and Dynamics of Fluid flow : Velocity and accelerations, stream
lines, equation of continuity, irrotational and rotational flow, velocity
potential and stream functions, flownet, methods of drawing flownet, sources
and sinks, flow separation, free and forced vortices.
Control volume equation, continuity, momentum, energy and moment of momentum
equations from control volume equation, Navier-Stokes equation, Euler’s
equation of motion, application to fluid flow problems, pipe flow, plane,
curved, stationary and moving vanes, sluice gates, weirs, orifice meters and
Venturi meters.
Dimensional Analysis and Similitude :
Buckingham’s Pi-theorem, dimensionless parameters, similitude theory,
model laws, undistorted and distorted models.
Laminar Flow :
Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates, flow
through tube.
Boundary layer :
Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sublayer,
smooth and rough boundaries, drag and lift.
Turbulent flow through pipes : Characteristics of turbulent flow, velocity
distribution and variation of pipe friction factor, hydraulic grade line and
total energy line, siphons, expansion and contractions in pipes, pipe networks,
water hammer in pipes and surge tanks.
Open channel flow :
Uniform and non-uniform flows, momentum and energy correction factors,
specific energy and specific force, critical depth, resistance equations and
variation of roughness coefficient, rapidly varied flow, flow in contractions,
flow at sudden drop, hydraulic jump and its applications surges and waves,
gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles, control section,
step method of integration of varied flow equation, moving surges and hydraulic
bore.
Hydraulic Machines and Hydropower :
Centrifugal pumps–Types, characteristics, Net Positive Suction Height
(NPSH), specific speed. Pumps in parallel.
Reciprocating pumps, Airvessels, Hydraulic ram, efficiency parameters, Rotary
and positive displacement pumps, diaphragm and jet pumps.
Hydraulic turbines, types classification, Choice of turbines, performance
parameters, controls, characteristics, specific speed.
Principles of hydropower development. Type, layouts and Component works. Surge
tanks, types and choice. Flow duration curves and dependable flow. Storage an
pondage. Pumped storage plants. Special features of mini, micro-hydel plants.
Part-D
Geo Technical Engineering
Types of soil, phase relationships, consistency limits particles size
distribution, classifications of soil, structure and clay mineralogy.
Capillary water and structural water, effectives trees and pore water pressure,
Darcy’s Law, factors affecting permeability, determination of permeability,
permeability of stratified soil deposits.
Seepage pressure, quick sand condition, compressibility and consolidation,
Terzaghi’s theory of one dimensional consolidation, consolidation test.
Compaction of soil, field control of compaction. Total stress and effective
stress parameters, pore pressure coefficients.
Shear strength of soils, Mohr Coulomb failure theory, Shear tests.
Earth pressure at rest, active and passive pressures, Rankine’s theory,
Coulomb’s wedge theory, earth pressure on retaining wall, sheetpile walls,
Braced excavation.
Bearing capacity, Terzaghi and other important theories, net and gross bearing
pressure.
Immediate and consolidation settlement.
Stability of slope, Total Stress and Effective Stress methods, Conventional
methods of slices, stability number.
Subsurface exploration, methods of boring, sampling, penetration tests,
pressure meter tests.
Essential features of foundation, types of foundation, design criteria, choice
of type of foundation, stress distribution in soils, Boussinessq’s theory,
Newmarks’s chart, pressure bulb, contact pressure, applicability of different
bearing capacity theories, evaluation of bearing capacity from field tests,
allowable bearing capacity, Settlement analysis, allowable settlement.
Proportioning of footing, isolated and combined footings, rafts, buoyancy
rafts, Pile foundation, types of piles, pile capacity, static and dynamic
analysis, design of pile groups, pile load test, settlement of piles, lateral
capacity. Foundation for Bridges. Ground improvement techniques–preloading,
sand drains, stone column, grouting, soil stabilisation.
Paper-II
Part-A
Construction Technology, Equipment, Planning and Management
1. Construction Technology :
Engineering Materiels :
Physical properties of construction materials : Stones, Bricks and Tiles; Lime,
Cement and Surkhi Mortars; Lime Concrete and Cement Concrete, Properties of
freshly mixed and hardened concrete, Flooring Tiles, use of ferro-cement,
fibre-reinforced and polymer concrete, high strength concrete and light weight
concrete. Timber : Properties and uses; defects in timber; seasoning and
preservation of timber. Plastics, rubber and damp-proofing materials, termite
proofing, Materials, for Low cost housing.
Construction :
Building components and their functions; Brick masonry : Bonds, jointing.
Stone masonry. Design of Brick masonry walls as per I.S. codes, factors of
safety, serviceability and strength requirements; plastering, pointing. Types
of Floors & Roofs. Ventilators, Repairs in buildings.
Functional planning of building : Building orientation, circulation, grouping
of areas, privacy concept and design of energy efficient building; provisions
of National Building Code.
Building estimates and specifications; Cost of works; valuation.
2. Construction Equipment :
Standard and special types of equipment, Preventive maintenance and repair,
factors affecting the selection of equipment, economical life, time and motion
study, capital and maintenance cost.
Concreting equipments :
Weigh batcher, mixer, vibration, batching plant, Concrete pump.
Earth-work equipment :
Power shovel hoe, bulldozer, dumper, trailors, and tractors, rollers,
sheep foot roller.
3. Construction Planning and Management :
Construction activity, schedules, job layout, bar charts, organization
of contracting firms, project control and supervision. Cost reduction measures.
Newwork analysis :
CPM and PERT analysis, Float Times, cashing of activities, contraction
of network for cost optimization, up dating, Cost analysis and resource
allocation.
Elements of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal, present worth, annual
cost, benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and size. Choosing
between alternatives including levels of investments. Project profitability.
Part-B
Survey and Transportation Engineering
Survey :
Common methods of distance and angle measurements, plane table survey,
levelling traverse survey, triangulation survey, corrections, and adjustments,
contouring, topographical map. Surveying instruments for above purposes.
Techeometry. Circular and transition curves. Principles of photogrammetry.
Railways :
Permanent way, sleepers, rail fastenings, ballast, points and crossings,
design of turn outs, stations and yards, turntables, signals, and interlocking,
level-crossing. Construction and maintenance of permanent ways :
Superelevlation, creep of rail, ruling gradient, track resistance, tractive
effort, relaying of track.
Highway Engineering :
Principles of highway planning, Highway alignments. Geometrical design :
Cross section, camber, superelevation, horizontal and vertical curves.
Classification of roads : low cost roads, flexible pavements, rigid pavements.
Design of pavements and their construction, evaluation of pavement failure and
strengthening.
Drainage of roads : Surface and sub-surface drainage.
Traffic Engineering : Forecasting techniques, origin and destination survey,
highway capacity. Channelised and unchannelised intersections, rotary design
elements, markings, sign, signals, street lighting; Traffic surveys. Principle
of highway financing.
Part-C
Hydrology, Water Resources and Engineering :
Hydrology : Hydrological cycle, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration,
depression storage, infiltration, overland flow, hydrograph, flood frequency
analysis, flood estimation, flood routing
through a reservoir, channel flow routing-Muskingam method.
Ground water flow :
Specific yield, storage coefficient, coefficient of permeability,
confined and unconfined equifers, aquifers, aquitards, radial flow into a well
under confined and unconfined conditions, tube wells, pumping and recuperation
tests, ground water potential.
Water Resources Engineering :
Ground and surface water resource, single and multipurpose projects,
storage capacity of reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation,
economics of water resources projects.
Irrigation Engineering :
Water requirements of crops : consumptive use, quality of water for
irrigation, duty and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies.
Canals : Distribution systems for canal irrigation, canal capacity, canal losses,
alignment of main and distributory canals, most efficient section, lined
canals, their design, regime theory, critical shear stress, bed load, local and
suspended load transport, cost analysis of lined and unlied canals, drainage
behind lining.
Water logging : causes and control, drainage system design, salinity.
Canal structures : Design of cross regulators, head regulators, canal falls,
aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets.
Diversion head work : Principles and design of weirs of permeable and
impermeable foundation, Khosla’s theory, energy dissipation, stilling basin,
sediment excluders.
Storage works : Types of dams, design, principles of rigid gravity and earth
dams, stability analysis, foundation treatment, joints and galleries, control of
seepage.
Spillways : Spillway types, crest gates, energy dissipation.
River training : Objectives of river training, methods of river training.
Part-D
Environmental Engineering
Water Supply :
Estimation of surface and subsurface water resources, predicting demand
for water, impurities, of water and their significance, physical, chemical and
bacteriological analysis, waterborne diseases, standards for potable water.
Intake of water :
pumping and gravity schemes. Water treatment : principles of coagulation,
flocculation and sedimentation; slow-; rapid-, pressure-, filters;
chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity.
Water storage and distribution :
storage and balancing reservoirs : types, location and capacity.
Distribution system : layout, hydraulics of pipe lines, pipe fittings, valves
including check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis of distribution
systems, leak detection, maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations
and their operations.
Sewerage systems :
Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage–separate and combined
systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes,
inlets, junctions, siphon. Plumbing in public buildings.
Sewage characterisation :
BOD, COD, solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of
disposal in normal water course and on land.
Sewage treatment :
Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tanks, trickling
filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of
sludge, recycling of waste water.
Solid waste :
collection and disposal in rural and urban contexts, management of
long-term ill-effects.
Environmental pollution :
Sustainable development. Radioactive wastes and disposal. Environmental
impact assessment for thermal power plants, mines, river valley projects. Air
pollution. Pollution control acts.
List Of Civil Services Books
For Civil Engineering
Civil Services Books For Civil Engineering
Engineering Mechanics - Shames
or I'i
Mechanics for Engineers- B
Johnson
Engineering Mechanics - Mchean
Strength and Meterials -UC.
Jindal
Iniroduction to Mechanics of
Solids
Basic and applied Fluid
Mechanics-Garde
Hydraulic and Fluids Mechanics
Flow through Open Channel -
Raju
Limit State Design - Ram
Chandra
Surveying - Punmia
Strength of Material - V. N. Vazaram
Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Engineering - A Singh and K R Arora
